1 00:00:00,980 --> 00:00:02,650 Fire suppression. 2 00:00:02,650 --> 00:00:05,357 Now, fire suppression is the process of controlling 3 00:00:05,357 --> 00:00:07,890 and/or extinguishing fires to protect 4 00:00:07,890 --> 00:00:10,780 your organization's employees, data, equipment, 5 00:00:10,780 --> 00:00:11,970 and buildings. 6 00:00:11,970 --> 00:00:13,953 You have to choose the right type of fire suppression 7 00:00:13,953 --> 00:00:15,920 and this is probably going to be one of the most 8 00:00:15,920 --> 00:00:18,550 important facility decisions that your organization 9 00:00:18,550 --> 00:00:21,090 is going to make to ensure that its long-term safety 10 00:00:21,090 --> 00:00:24,780 of its employees and its networks remains unchallenged. 11 00:00:24,780 --> 00:00:26,930 Now, there are three types of fire suppression 12 00:00:26,930 --> 00:00:29,810 that we have to discuss for the Security+ exam. 13 00:00:29,810 --> 00:00:31,570 There's handheld fire extinguishers, 14 00:00:31,570 --> 00:00:34,740 sprinkler systems, and special hazard protection systems 15 00:00:34,740 --> 00:00:37,230 that we use especially in our server rooms. 16 00:00:37,230 --> 00:00:39,292 Now, let's discuss handheld extinguishers first 17 00:00:39,292 --> 00:00:41,650 because they're not created equally. 18 00:00:41,650 --> 00:00:43,710 Each one is a little bit different. 19 00:00:43,710 --> 00:00:45,998 In fact, before you choose the proper extinguisher, 20 00:00:45,998 --> 00:00:48,330 you need to identify what class of fire 21 00:00:48,330 --> 00:00:49,880 you're trying to put out. 22 00:00:49,880 --> 00:00:52,650 Fires are broken down into five different categories. 23 00:00:52,650 --> 00:00:56,880 Class A, B, C, D, and K. 24 00:00:56,880 --> 00:00:59,890 Class A fires consist of solid combustible materials, 25 00:00:59,890 --> 00:01:01,740 things like wood and paper. 26 00:01:01,740 --> 00:01:03,780 To put out a Class A fire, you should use 27 00:01:03,780 --> 00:01:05,540 a water-based extinguisher. 28 00:01:05,540 --> 00:01:08,330 This extinguisher should have a green triangle label on it 29 00:01:08,330 --> 00:01:09,960 so you can quickly identify it as 30 00:01:09,960 --> 00:01:11,560 a water-based extinguisher. 31 00:01:11,560 --> 00:01:13,985 I like to think of the green triangle as a green tree 32 00:01:13,985 --> 00:01:17,110 since these Class A fires are made up of tree products. 33 00:01:17,110 --> 00:01:19,654 Things like wood and paper, in most cases. 34 00:01:19,654 --> 00:01:22,490 Now, you shouldn't use a water-based extinguisher 35 00:01:22,490 --> 00:01:24,450 in a server room because this could cause 36 00:01:24,450 --> 00:01:26,387 a lot of damage to the different components there, 37 00:01:26,387 --> 00:01:29,320 as well as put you in danger of an electric shock 38 00:01:29,320 --> 00:01:30,790 when that water hits something that's 39 00:01:30,790 --> 00:01:32,310 electrically charged. 40 00:01:32,310 --> 00:01:35,590 The second type of fire is known as a Class B fire. 41 00:01:35,590 --> 00:01:39,130 Class B fires consist of flammable gases or liquids. 42 00:01:39,130 --> 00:01:41,200 To put out a Class B fire, you should use 43 00:01:41,200 --> 00:01:44,770 a dry chemical agent or a CO2-based fire extinguisher. 44 00:01:44,770 --> 00:01:46,730 These are usually labeled with a red square 45 00:01:46,730 --> 00:01:50,010 to signify that they can be used on Class B fires. 46 00:01:50,010 --> 00:01:52,938 Class C fires, on the other hand, are electrical fires. 47 00:01:52,938 --> 00:01:54,950 If you encounter an electrical fire, 48 00:01:54,950 --> 00:01:56,280 the first thing you should try to do 49 00:01:56,280 --> 00:01:57,970 is shut off the power to the room 50 00:01:57,970 --> 00:01:59,330 because if you remove the power, 51 00:01:59,330 --> 00:02:01,220 this could put out the fire for you. 52 00:02:01,220 --> 00:02:03,800 If it doesn't, then you need to extinguish that fire 53 00:02:03,800 --> 00:02:05,290 with a fire extinguisher. 54 00:02:05,290 --> 00:02:06,940 If you're going to use a portable extinguisher, 55 00:02:06,940 --> 00:02:09,270 you should look for a CO2-based extinguisher 56 00:02:09,270 --> 00:02:12,900 or one with a blue circle on it for Class C fires. 57 00:02:12,900 --> 00:02:15,530 Next, we have Class D fires and these are made up 58 00:02:15,530 --> 00:02:19,290 of combustible metals like magnesium, titanium, and lithium. 59 00:02:19,290 --> 00:02:20,360 Now, you might be wondering, 60 00:02:20,360 --> 00:02:22,280 where am I going to find these combustible metals 61 00:02:22,280 --> 00:02:23,600 inside my office? 62 00:02:23,600 --> 00:02:26,210 Well, most laptops have lithium batteries 63 00:02:26,210 --> 00:02:28,420 so if you have a laptop fire, you have to treat it 64 00:02:28,420 --> 00:02:30,120 as a Class D fire. 65 00:02:30,120 --> 00:02:32,340 To extinguish it, you should look for an extinguisher 66 00:02:32,340 --> 00:02:35,000 with a yellow decagon on it and this extinguisher 67 00:02:35,000 --> 00:02:36,720 is going to be fully yellow in color 68 00:02:36,720 --> 00:02:39,680 so you can quickly and easily identify it. 69 00:02:39,680 --> 00:02:42,230 Class K fires are composed of cooking oil. 70 00:02:42,230 --> 00:02:43,830 So, if your organization has a kitchen 71 00:02:43,830 --> 00:02:45,080 inside of its facilities, 72 00:02:45,080 --> 00:02:46,425 you should have a fire extinguisher system 73 00:02:46,425 --> 00:02:49,320 that's built-in to handle grease and oil fires 74 00:02:49,320 --> 00:02:51,100 that could occur during cooking. 75 00:02:51,100 --> 00:02:54,040 This type of fire is symbolized by a black hexagon 76 00:02:54,040 --> 00:02:56,200 and the systems that are going to extinguish them 77 00:02:56,200 --> 00:02:59,030 have that black hexagon on them, as well. 78 00:02:59,030 --> 00:03:01,680 Now, as you walk around your office or your facilities, 79 00:03:01,680 --> 00:03:03,730 you're likely going to see one of three types 80 00:03:03,730 --> 00:03:05,320 of portable extinguishers. 81 00:03:05,320 --> 00:03:07,580 The first is an ABC extinguisher, 82 00:03:07,580 --> 00:03:10,290 which uses dry chemicals to put out fires. 83 00:03:10,290 --> 00:03:12,180 If possible, you should avoid using this 84 00:03:12,180 --> 00:03:13,850 on computer equipment, though, because 85 00:03:13,850 --> 00:03:16,360 the dry chemical is corrosive and destructive 86 00:03:16,360 --> 00:03:18,700 to computer and electrical components. 87 00:03:18,700 --> 00:03:20,440 The second and probably most common type 88 00:03:20,440 --> 00:03:23,170 you're going to see is called a BC extinguisher, 89 00:03:23,170 --> 00:03:25,790 which is used on B and C fires. 90 00:03:25,790 --> 00:03:28,770 This most often uses CO2 to put out a fire. 91 00:03:28,770 --> 00:03:31,270 This is useful for both gas fires, Class B, 92 00:03:31,270 --> 00:03:33,960 and electrical fires, Class C, and it's also safe 93 00:03:33,960 --> 00:03:35,089 to use on computers. 94 00:03:35,089 --> 00:03:37,860 Be careful when using a CO2 extinguisher, though, 95 00:03:37,860 --> 00:03:39,520 because it will smother the fire by 96 00:03:39,520 --> 00:03:41,880 displacing oxygen from it, which is great, 97 00:03:41,880 --> 00:03:43,108 but if there's people close by, 98 00:03:43,108 --> 00:03:45,572 it's going to take out that oxygen that they need to breathe 99 00:03:45,572 --> 00:03:47,420 and people could have trouble breathing 100 00:03:47,420 --> 00:03:49,330 if there's no oxygen in the room. 101 00:03:49,330 --> 00:03:51,500 The third type is a yellow extinguisher 102 00:03:51,500 --> 00:03:54,680 and these bottles are used for Class D or metal fires. 103 00:03:54,680 --> 00:03:56,610 These are less common but you should be aware 104 00:03:56,610 --> 00:03:58,200 of where they are in case you need one 105 00:03:58,200 --> 00:04:00,170 inside your organization. 106 00:04:00,170 --> 00:04:02,550 Now, in addition to the handheld extinguishers, 107 00:04:02,550 --> 00:04:04,840 your facility might use a sprinkler system 108 00:04:04,840 --> 00:04:06,684 to put out fires inside the office. 109 00:04:06,684 --> 00:04:10,320 Sprinkler systems can either be wet pipe or dry pipe. 110 00:04:10,320 --> 00:04:12,470 A wet pipe sprinkler system means that there's 111 00:04:12,470 --> 00:04:14,940 water already filling all of the sprinkler pipes 112 00:04:14,940 --> 00:04:17,690 and it's just waiting for that little red glass bulb 113 00:04:17,690 --> 00:04:20,130 to be broken or melt from a fire. 114 00:04:20,130 --> 00:04:21,870 If that bulb melts or it's broken, 115 00:04:21,870 --> 00:04:24,160 it's going to release the water from the sprinkler system 116 00:04:24,160 --> 00:04:26,860 into the office spaces to smother any fire 117 00:04:26,860 --> 00:04:28,720 and release that heat. 118 00:04:28,720 --> 00:04:31,650 Now, in some facilities, the spaces can get really cold 119 00:04:31,650 --> 00:04:34,150 and below freezing, especially if you live in the north. 120 00:04:34,150 --> 00:04:36,670 If you're in a warehouse environment or some other 121 00:04:36,670 --> 00:04:38,210 non-airconditioned space, 122 00:04:38,210 --> 00:04:40,120 you don't want water sitting in these pipes 123 00:04:40,120 --> 00:04:42,220 because they could freeze and crack. 124 00:04:42,220 --> 00:04:43,880 If your facility has this issue, 125 00:04:43,880 --> 00:04:47,020 then you want to use a dry pipe sprinkler system, instead. 126 00:04:47,020 --> 00:04:48,910 In this type of system, the pipes are filled 127 00:04:48,910 --> 00:04:52,120 with pressurized air and only pushes water into those pipes 128 00:04:52,120 --> 00:04:54,120 when it's needed to combat a fire. 129 00:04:54,120 --> 00:04:56,279 This happens once that little red bulb is broken, 130 00:04:56,279 --> 00:04:58,100 once again. 131 00:04:58,100 --> 00:05:00,240 The third type of sprinkler system is known as 132 00:05:00,240 --> 00:05:02,140 a pre-action sprinkler system and 133 00:05:02,140 --> 00:05:03,930 it's similar to a dry pipe system, 134 00:05:03,930 --> 00:05:07,560 except it also can be set off if heat or smoke is detected 135 00:05:07,560 --> 00:05:09,780 and it won't wait until there's a full fire 136 00:05:09,780 --> 00:05:12,570 that causes that red bulb to break or melt. 137 00:05:12,570 --> 00:05:15,030 Now, a pre-action sprinkler system won't activate 138 00:05:15,030 --> 00:05:17,480 if the pipe or the bulb is broken by itself 139 00:05:17,480 --> 00:05:20,000 because it still has to detect heat or smoke 140 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:22,586 before it releases its contents into the room. 141 00:05:22,586 --> 00:05:24,990 Now, in most server rooms, we don't want 142 00:05:24,990 --> 00:05:26,250 to use a sprinkler system. 143 00:05:26,250 --> 00:05:28,110 It's not a very good choice for us 144 00:05:28,110 --> 00:05:30,580 and the reason is if somebody sets off the sprinkler system 145 00:05:30,580 --> 00:05:33,670 by accident, it would release water into the server room 146 00:05:33,670 --> 00:05:35,250 and it would destroy all of the servers 147 00:05:35,250 --> 00:05:37,010 and other electrical components we have 148 00:05:37,010 --> 00:05:39,060 by surrounding them with water. 149 00:05:39,060 --> 00:05:40,950 Now, for this reason, we're going to use 150 00:05:40,950 --> 00:05:42,780 a special hazard protection system 151 00:05:42,780 --> 00:05:44,670 instead of a sprinkler system. 152 00:05:44,670 --> 00:05:46,260 This type of system is known as 153 00:05:46,260 --> 00:05:47,960 a clean agent system and it will 154 00:05:47,960 --> 00:05:50,330 push gas into the room instead 155 00:05:50,330 --> 00:05:52,400 and that will allow it to smother the fire. 156 00:05:52,400 --> 00:05:54,130 This may be something like HALON, 157 00:05:54,130 --> 00:05:55,470 which we don't use commonly anymore 158 00:05:55,470 --> 00:05:56,550 here in the United States because 159 00:05:56,550 --> 00:05:58,000 it's bad for the environment. 160 00:05:58,000 --> 00:06:02,030 Or something like FM-200 or even a CO2-based system. 161 00:06:02,030 --> 00:06:03,610 If you're ever working in a server room 162 00:06:03,610 --> 00:06:05,580 and you hear an alarm going off loudly, 163 00:06:05,580 --> 00:06:07,420 you should immediately drop what you're doing 164 00:06:07,420 --> 00:06:09,438 and leave the room because this loud alarm 165 00:06:09,438 --> 00:06:12,370 is a warning that the gas is about to be released 166 00:06:12,370 --> 00:06:15,070 into the server room and if you remain in that room, 167 00:06:15,070 --> 00:06:16,430 it's going to suffocate the fire 168 00:06:16,430 --> 00:06:17,980 and it's going to suffocate you. 169 00:06:17,980 --> 00:06:22,980 So, you need to get out immediately when you hear that noise.